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John Seavey’s Storytelling Engines: Moon Knight

Here’s the latest Storytelling Engine from John Seavey. Click here to read John’s description of what a Storytelling Engine IS, anyways. Check out more of them at his blog, Fraggmented.

Storytelling Engines: Moon Knight

(or “The Modern Hero”)

Moon Knight isn’t exactly what you’d call a “big name” in the superhero comics business. Oh, he’s had a respectable amount of success; a few series, but none that have managed to pass the sixty-issue mark, a cult following that keeps him from becoming cannon fodder for the next big crossover to come along, but when the average comics fan thinks of Moon Knight, they probably relegate him to the category of “Batman rip-off”.

Which is brutally unfair on a number of levels. For one thing, it suggests that “Batman” is the template for any masked hero without actual super-powers. Zorro, Doc Savage, the Spider, and the Scarlet Pimpernel all might have something to say about that. For another thing, Moon Knight is a far different animal from Batman, with a storytelling engine all his own; indeed, you can point to Moon Knight’s creation in the Bronze Age as a template for a whole different sort of hero, a thoroughly modern superhero that draws on the culture of the 70s and 80s in the same way that Batman drew on the pulp heroes of the 20s and 30s for inspiration.

You can see in Moon Knight’s origin a reflection of the troubled times he was created in; he started his life as a callous mercenary, an ex-Marine who had turned to his talent for violence as his only marketable skill. (With the Vietnam war winding down and many soldiers returning to an unsympathetic or outright hostile homeland, the notion of the disillusioned vet was heavy in the public consciousness. Only a year after Moon Knight’s first appearance, ‘Taxi Driver’s Travis Bickle would be portrayed as a vet.)

Of course, Moon Knight can’t stay a callous gunman if he wants to be published in a Marvel comic, and after a change of heart brought about by a near-death experience and an Egyptian god, Marc Spector sets out to become a costumed vigilante just like any other. But Doug Moench, the character’s creator, made him entirely unlike any other by making him more like the “vigilantes” we see in the streets than in the comics. Spector was a damaged individual, developing his alter-ego into an entirely separate personality–and in fact, developing many identities, each with a personality all their own. His wealth as a mercenary enabled him to live a playboy lifestyle as “Steven Grant”, his need to obtain street-level information brought about cabbie “Jake Lockley” (note the significance of Lockley at just about the time ‘Taxi Driver’ was released. Perhaps not intentional, but the characters shared the same zeitgeist.)

Nowadays, we think of this as Batman’s exclusive schtick. Everyone knows that he thinks of Bruce Wayne as the fake identity, and Batman as his “real self”. But Moon Knight was doing it first, and doing it with more sincerity–to him, every identity was a “real self”.

Also, the very notion of “vigilantism” was being re-examined. Instead of being seen as a hero who helped the law, Moon Knight and other, similar characters were seen as people who operated outside it. After all, when you boil it down, Marc/Steven/Jake/Moon Knight was just a guy who wandered the streets beating up people he thought were bad. This series was one of the first (alongside the Punisher) to take the position that this might not necessarily be an automatically good thing.

Moon Knight’s antagonists, as well, were damaged individuals–Stained Glass Scarlet was an ex-nun who ruthlessly pursued her own criminal son, Black Spectre was another Vietnam vet with a grudge against society, and Morpheus was a crazed insomniac with psychic powers. All elements of the same damaged society that the media of the day examined (again, ‘Taxi Driver’ is almost a required reference here.)

So why, if Moon Knight has tapped into the modern age so well, does the character not seem to get the kind of following that ‘Apocalypse Now’ or ‘Raging Bull’ has? Part of it (much as it pains us to say it, given that this is a series of columns on the elements of a series that stay constant as creators come and go) is the departure of Bill Sienkiewicz as artist. Sienkiewicz’s magnificent art reflected Moon Knight’s unstable psyche, growing in sophistication as the series went on, and it’s never really been the same without him.

Also, subsequent writers never managed to balance Moon Knight’s alienated persona and his superheroic nature very well. Either he was written as just another street-smart vigilante, or the “damaged” side of his psyche was played up to the point where he was too vicious to be sympathetic. In a world where everyone imitated Moon Knight, he had to become more extreme to push the envelope, perhaps too much so.

And ultimately, that’s the factor that harmed Moon Knight’s popularity the most. Having seen that he was the future of superheroes, everyone jumped to position themselves in front of him. Batman’s villains started to emphasize their fractured psyches over their gimmicky crimes, anti-heroes became more savage and brutal, and everyone suddenly gained a tortured soul and a borderline-psychotic personality disorder. And Moon Knight went from being unique, the Modern Superhero, to just one of the pack.

12 Comments

I so want to try these comics, but as long as they’re only reprinted in black and white, I’ll pass. I hope color versions come soon.

SanctumSanctorumComix

April 16, 2008 at 7:26 am

Heh…
MOON KNIGHT might be one of the few titles that would actually WORK as just B/W.

A lot of heavy shadows and a B/W costume make it easy to read them that way.
Not to mention that the early Moon Knight stories are very dark, (not quite noir) horror/detective/psychodrama/cult tales anyway.

I doubt that the B/W treatment would hurt them much.

~P~
P-TOR

This actually maks me want to go out and read the original Moon Knight series, which I had never had a desire to do. I’m with T, though. Even if they work well in B&W, I’d much rather read them in color.

Personally, as a kid I thought it was cool in WCA during the Lost is Space-Time story when they reveal that Hawkeye trapped in the past was the one who made Moon Knight’s weapons. Maybe if I had been a Moon Knight fan that would have bugged me, but as a Hawkeye fan I thought it was cool.

Some of the stuff in that Essentials collection is taken from the Moon Knight back-up stories that were featured in the Incredible Hulk Magazine; I don’t know if the originals were in color or black and white, but where most Essentials stuff is reprinted as just the inked pencils, these are done with a gray shading that winds up looking pretty gorgeous. Once you get into the ongoing series, a lot of the stories, especially one set in a haunted house and one involving an axe-murderer stalking the city park, are given a stark, eerie aspect due to the B&W that might not have been there in the original color. As the guy above me said, Moon Knight’s really one of the only mainstream superheroes that might actually work better as a colorless book.
Of course, after all those Batman: Black & White stories, the last thing the character needs is ANOTHER similarity.

Personally I always felt he could have done with a stronger rougues gallery.

I also really loved the fractured personalities angle to it, the idea that someone can fabricate personas and eventually become lost in them. My memory might be completely wrong about this, but I always thought this angle suffered with the characters in the series learning very early on that all of these identities were shared by the same man. I’d have loved them to continue further down this path – having Marc Spector create new identities to reflect the changing world around him.

And yes, I agree its a shame Moon Knight has never managed to stay popular without heading straight into “look how vicious he is” territory. I personally love the slightly unhinged nature of his personality, but don’t see why this means he’s got to go around mutilating people to emphasise how “insane” he is. That being said, I like what they’ve been doing in the current series with the voices in his head.

How long till the current series is cancelled then? :P

I remember back int he ’90s, a hot new artist (Steven Platt, with the unbeatable signature of S.PLATT!) was put on Moon Knight for its last few issues, after it was annoucned it was cancelled but before the last issues were made. Platt’s art made the comic red-hot, a huge seller, but Marvel stuck to their guns for cancelling an absurdly popular and best-selling comic for lack of sales.

Of course, Moon Knight can’t stay a callous gunman if he wants to be published in a Marvel comic,

Frank Castle might have something to say about that. Of course, at the time Moon Knight debuted, no one was trying to sell Punisher as a hero yet.

So , , , is Moon Knight’s playboy “Steven Grant” identity an in-joke on Moench’s part about Marvel writing colleague Steven Grant (who’s even had the chance to write the character once or twice), or is that somehow supposed to be a coincidence?

There is a bit about writer Steven Grant/ character Steven Grant in a piece Moench wrote about the creation of Moon Knight, which is reprinted in the Moon Knight Essential. It’s quite a good piece. According to it, it’s a coincidence.

Some of the stuff in that Essentials collection is taken from the Moon Knight back-up stories that were featured in the Incredible Hulk Magazine; I don’t know if the originals were in color or black and white

They were in color. Strangely enough, even when Hulk! moved to being only partially color the backup stories (which starred Dominic Fortune by then) remained in color. Only when there were no more b/us did the mag revert to 100% b&w.

FunkyGreenJerusalem

April 16, 2008 at 10:27 pm

The writer Steven Grant has mentioned he only took on the book for a few issues because they thought it would be funny.

I’ve also met people who’s first exposure to the writer was this, and they thought it was a joke pen-name for another writer.

Moon Knight fan from back in the day

April 28, 2010 at 1:37 pm

This is the best review of the original Moon Knight comic series & character that I’ve ever read. I have been a fan of the character since the early 1980′s, and started reading the comic with #1 of the original ongoing series. I completely agree that the character has been very unfairly compared to Batman over the years. I have always thought the character of MK was/is very original, both in concept and in the way he was handled .

Volume 1 of MK is, IMHO, one of the best comic book series of all time. Very dark, gritty, noir-ish-type stories that got even better once the title went to “direct-market” mid-way through it’s run and didn’t need to have the comics code requirement anymore.

I also agree that the comic lost a lot of it’s “balance” after B. Sienkiewicz left the title toward the end of it’s first run. His art really fit the comic more than any of the subsequent (or previous) artists, and after his departure the remaining issues of Volume 1 that I read definitely felt like they were missing something.

Re: reprints, I don’t agree that the comic looks better re-printed in the b&w Essentials format, though I understand why someone may think that if they’ve never read the comic in color. IMHO, the color in the original comic really adds to the story, especially with Sienkiewicz’s beautiful painted artwork.

For those who are looking for these original stories in color, later in 2010 Marvel is scheduled to publish a small reprint collection of the original MK stories from the “Hulk” magazine in full color (only the B. Sienkiewicz stories will be reprinted, though). I’ll definitely be getting this, since I don’t have any of these old issues anymore.

Here’s hoping that at some point in the near future, Marvel will publish a full-color Omnibus of MK Volume 1 #1-38. This would be superb, and I’ll be keeping my fingers crossed in the hopes that this will happen.

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